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INCOTERMS - International Commercial Terms

Incoterms, international commercial terms contraction is the number of terms used in the field of imports and exports , valid throughout the world, which defines in a unique and unmistakably all right authority and duty to the various entities involved in an operation to transfer assets from one country to another.

those involved

In transport of any material between two different nations involved are usually different actors:

• Seller
• conveyor
• Customs
• Buyer
• Insurance

The transfer of a material departure to arrival can be schematically divided into blocks (right) involving:

• Sender (the person who exports the goods)
• Customs in the Nation Departure Port
• or airport of embarkation
• Frontier that can be geographical or virtual (port and airport are considered state borders)
• Transport ( truck, train, plane , ship) with which the goods are transferred
• infrastructure (port, airport, a customs warehouse) of landing the nation's Customs
• arrival
• Recipient (the person importing the goods).

Explanation Schematic of acronyms

Each symbol encoded nell'Incoterms clearly define who should bear the costs and responsibilities for each part of the transport, for customs charges departing and arriving to insurance costs. An important part (often overlooked) is the indication, after the initials of the specific name of the geographic location of the border or port / airport to which the term itself refers.
terms Incoterms have been ratified by ' International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and originally published in English with authorized translation into 31 other languages \u200b\u200bby the various national chambers of commerce.
The latest revision of the agreement was made in 2000, hence the current name correct INCOTERMS 2000 .

Groups

the need to establish clear rules on what rights and duties and who should bear the various expenditure has resulted in a series of initials, divided into groups, very specific:

• Group E - (Derived from former , departure):
  
  • EXW. Ex Works (place)
  
  
• Group F - (derived from Free , transportation not paid):
  
  • FCA. Free Carrier (place)
  • FAS. Free Alongside Ship (specific port of departure)
  • FOB. Free On Board (specific port of departure)
  
  
• Group C - (derived from Cost, carriage paid at the start):
  
  • CFR. Cost and Freight (named destination port)
  • CIF. Cost, Insurance and Freight (named destination port)
  • CPT. Carriage Paid To (named destination point)
  • CIP. Carriage and Insurance Paid to (specific point of arrival)
  
  
• Group D - (Derived from Destination finish):
  
  • DAF. Delivered At Frontier boundary (specific)
  • DES. Delivered Ex Ship (port specific)
  • DEQ. Delivered Ex Quay (port specific)
  • DDU. Delivered Duty Unpaid (Place)
  • DDP. Delivered Duty Paid (place)